When I was in high school, I was on the dance team and during football season, we worked with the band for the halftime show. I remember there was a running joke about the drum line, the upshot of which was that if you did not get out of their way, they would run you over, and you would have no one to blame but yourself. In the world of show bands and football halftime entertainment, the members of the drum line are the bad asses, the bad boys, the ones with the attitudes. Heck, drum line performers have such a reputation, there was even a movie made about them. "Drumline," made in 2002, presented a band director who recruited a Harlem street drummer to play at a Southern university-Harlem. Think about it. If you saw a bunch of drum-toting, regimented-looking people coming toward you like a freight train, wouldn't you move?
Drum lines play a crucial role in halftime show performances. They are, after all, the percussion, the beat by which the entire band measures its music. Show bands can be big, sometimes as many as 500 people. In order to control that many musicians, the performers of the drum line have to be strong artists. The drum line can actually be divided into two sections: the battery, which moves around the field, and the pit, which is stationary at the front of the field. Because the battery is the portion that most people associate with the words "drum line," that is portion I will deal with in this article.
Drum lines are generally comprised of three different types of drum: the snare drum, the tenor drum, and the bass drum. The number of each instrument depends simply on the size of the band and the sensibilities of the director. The first instrument, the snare, provides the center rhythm of the rum line. These drums are typically played in unison, possess high tension heads, and form center of tempo for the battery. Next on the list is the tenor drum, which actually comes in mounted sets of four to six. Thanks to their varied sizes and tuning, tenor drums add pitch variety to a drum line. Number three, the bass drum, differs from its smaller cousins in that rather than being played in unison, each instrument is assigned a unique part. These drums produce the deepest sounds in the battery and are the largest on the field.
There is one more instrument usually found in the drum line, and this is they cymbals. Although not a drum, it is perhaps the most dramatic member of the battery. Cymbals are typically pairs of crash cymbals and can be played in a variety of ways, in unison, as split parts, or like hi-hats. In addition to being played, they are sometimes spun and twirled for visual effect.
The next time you watch a halftime show, take a moment to pay attention to how you hear the music. If you find yourself with a sudden urge to bob your head and march in time to the rhythm, you can thank the drum line.
About the Author
Victor Epand is an expert consultant for guitars, drums, keyboards, sheet music, guitar tab, and home theater audio. You can find the best marketplace at these sites for drums, snares, sheet music, guitar tabs, and subwoofers.
famous hip hop jingle with a kind of brass instrument sound playing the same two lines?score celebration tune?
I always hear this little jingle...kind of like cypress hill but not...bare with me here...a sort of brass instrument playing the same two lines...duddle dudle dudle du du du
(second line starts at a lower tone) duddle duddle dudle du du du..(i iknow it sounds like im stoned) any help?
Explosive - The Chronic 2 ?
Playing ii-VI chromatic lines in less than 2 minutes
Daniel Field covers an area of 146 acres (59 ha) at an elevation of 423 feet (129 m) above mean sea level. It has two asphalt paved runways: 5/23 is 4,002 by 100 feet (1,220 x 30 m); 11/29 is 3,738 by 100 feet (1,139 x 30 m). The remnants of a third runway oriented north-south are clearly visible but have been closed and are marked with yellow Xs or converted to taxiway use.
Notably, Daniel Field is some 279 feet (85 m) higher in elevation than the commercial Augusta airport, Augusta Regional Airport, as Daniel Field lies above the Piedmont Coastal Plain fall line which descends steeply just south of Daniel Field. Augusta Regional Airport lies along the broad Savannah River floodplain.
Daniel Field has two large, fully enclosed hangers and a smaller open shelter. Augusta Aviation is the fixed base operator (FBO) on the field, offering fuel, parking, hangers, flight instruction, charters, and aircraft repair.
For the 12-month period ending April 13, 2006, the airport had 44,500 aircraft operations, an average of 121 per day: 99% general aviation and 1% air taxi. At that time there were 78 aircraft based at this airport: 79% single-engine, 18% multi-engine, 1% jet and 1% helicopter.
Airlines
Daniel Field does not have regularly scheduled Part 121 Air Carrier service. Augusta Aviation, an on-field FBO, offers charter services as do other local and regional providers.
History
Origins
The origins of Daniel Field Airport begin in 1924, when the City of Agusta leased 302 acres for an airport and a municipal golf course. About 35,000 people attended the airport's dedication on 29 October 1927. Against the Mayor's wishes, the City Council named the airport Daniel Field. for Mayor Raleigh Daniel, who was a major proponent of the city leasing the land in the early 1920s.
On 1 December 1931, Eastern Air Transport began passenger service, but discontinued it five months later due to unprotitability. Eastern resumed service in November 1932 after obtaining a mail contract. The same year, Delta Air Lines began serving Atlanta and Charleston, S.C. from Augusta. In 1938, the Works Progress Administration began a project that added paved runways, drainage and other improvements.
World War II
Oblique airphoto of Daniel Field, about 1944, looking northwest
Alarmed by the fall of France in 1940, Congress funded an increase in the strength of the United States Army Air Corps from 29 to 54 combat groups and increased pilot training to 7,000 per year. The quickest way for the Air Corps to obtain additional bases was to utilize existing civil airports. On 21 September 1940, the Air Corps announced a $1.5 million project to build facilities at Daniel Field to support 100 to 110 pursuit aircraft and 2000 men. Because of technicalities in the land transfer, construction did not begin until March 1941. Once begun, a large construction program was needed to turn the civil airport into a military airfield. Construction involved runways and airplane hangars, with three concrete runways, several taxiways and a large parking apron and a control tower. Several large hangars were also constructed. Buildings were ultimately utilitarian and quickly assembled. Most base buildings, not meant for long-term use, were constructed of temporary or semi-permanent materials. Although some hangars had steel frames and the occasional brick or tile brick building could be seen, most support buildings sat on concrete foundations but were of frame construction clad in little more than plywood and tarpaper
Although the Army initially planned on using Daniel for fighter aircraft, it was utilized instead mostly by transport and observation squadrons. This was due to the fact that Daniel's longest runway was a relatively short 4,200 ft. The geographical restrictions of ravines to the west and the city of Augusta to the east made the extension of the runways impractical.
Initially assigned to the Army Air Corps Southeast Air District, the first units at Daniel Army Airfield the 14th and 15th Transport Squadrons of the 61st Transport Group arrived on 12 July 1941 from Kelly Field, near San Antonio, Texas. The 61st's group headquarters was formed at Olmsted Field, near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. The squadrons flew C-47 Skytrains, as well as Douglas C-39s, which was the Air Corp's version of the Douglas DC-2. After organizational training and flying a few paratroop operations, the 61st and its squadrons were sent to Lubbock Field in Texas.
During the week of 20 October, Daniel Field hosted the 40th Pursuit Squadron which came to Daniel Field from Selfridge Field, Michigan which took part in III Interceptor Command exercises, flying P-39 Aircobras
With the United States at war in 1942, activity at the airfield expanded dramatically. In early February. Five transport squadrons of the Air Force Combat Command 89th Transport Group, the 24th, 25th, 26th, 27th, and 28th were activated at Daniel AAF. These squadrons were equipped with C-47s and Douglas DC-3s pressed into military service from the airlines. The 89th stay at Daniel was a short one. Only five weeks later the group moved on to Air Technical Service Command depot at Harding AAF, near Baton Rouge, Louisiana.
Also during February, three observation squadrons, the 16th, 111th, 122nd, and 154th, arrived from various other bases and forming the Third Air Froce 68th Observation Group. Pilots trained on Douglas O-43A, Vultee/Stinson O-49/L-1 Vigilant and Douglas A-20B Havoc aircraft performing antisubmarine patrols along the South Carolina and Georgia coast.
On 2 March 1942, the III Air Support Command 313th Transport Group TG and the 29th Transport Squadron were activated at Daniel Field with C-47s. In May, the first tenants of Daniel, the 14th and 15th Transport Squadrons were reassigned to Pope Field, North Carolina to support the 82d Airborne Division at Fort Bragg. On June 15, the 313th Transport Group, activated three additional squadrons, the 47th, 48th, and 49th, out of the 29th TS. One week later, the 313th and its squadrons moved to Bowman Field, near Louisville, Kentucky to support the 101st Airborne at Fort Campbell. During July the observation squadrons all transferred to Smith Reynolds Airport, near Winston-Salem, North Carolina for antisubmarine duty.
In 1942, newly-built Army Airfields were becoming available in the southeast and the Air Force no longer had the need for Daniel Field and its short runways. No other operational units were stationed at Daniel after August 1942. In February 1943, Daniel was reassigned to the Air Technical Service Command, being under the control of the Warner-Robins Air Depot Control Area. The facilities became a repair and replacement depot for Third Air Force aircraft. Most of the military flying at Daniel was by transient aircraft undergoing 3d and 4th echelon heavy maintenance work.
Daniel also activated and trained 32 chemical warfare companies. Chemical companies were equipped and taught to use smoke pots, tear gas, chemical trailers, trucks, blasting caps, and how to fill aircraft spray tanks. During the last part of the war, Daniel was used to prepare vehicles for use in the planned Invasion of Japan. In addition, the field had a branch prisoner of war camp with about 1200 POWs working on the field and in the nearby forests.
By war's end, the Army's air operations at Daniel were discontinued, with the airfield being returned to full civil control on 31 October 1945.
Postwar use
Throughout the war, Delta Air Lines served the airport throughout the war with commercial airline service. With the closure of the Air Force's facilities, Daniel Field continued as Augusta's municipal airport. Eastern Air Lines resumed service to Augusta in 1948, later joined by Piedmont Airlines. On July 1, 1950, the airlines shifted their operations to Bush Field and Daniel became a general aviation airport.
In 1955, the City moved the two hangars to the eastern side of the airfield. A shopping center was then built on the former ramp area. Today, the only evidence of the Air Force's presence are two hangars. The former cantonment area is now a housing development.
Incidents
Daniel Field is located 6.9 nautical miles (12.8 km) northwest of Augusta commercial airport, Augusta Regional Airport. On the night of February 3, 1986, a Boeing 737-201/Advanced airliner operated by Piedmont Airlines landed on a 3,877 feet (1,182 m) long Daniel Field runway instead of much longer runway at Augusta Regional Airport as intended. After skidding to a stop still on the runway, the crew and all 106 passengers were unharmed. Augusta Chronicle photos at the time showed passengers disembarking the aircraft at Daniel Field down a Piedmont truck-mounted air stair. An Augusta Chronicle photo appears to identify the aircraft involved as N772N "Peninsula Pacemaker". Local lore often recounts the flight as being operated by Delta Air Lines and includes stories of the interior being stripped and a special test flight crew being used to fly the aircraft out, though contemporary accounts recorded otherwise.
See also
Georgia World War II Army Airfields
Air Technical Service Command
References
Shettle, M. L. (2005), Georgia's Army Airfields of World War II. ISBN: 0-9643388-3-1
Maurer, Maurer (1983). Air Force Combat Units Of World War II. Maxwell AFB, Alabama: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0892010924.
Mauer, Mauer (1969), Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II, Air Force Historical Studies Office, Maxwell AFB, Alabama. ISBN 0892010975
^ a b c d FAA Airport Master Record for DNL (Form 5010 PDF), effective 2008-07-31.
^ a b About Daniel Field at City of Augusta web site.
^ "A landing place in time - Daniel Field celebrates rich history". Augusta Chronicle. 1997-10-15. http://chronicle.augusta.com/stories/101597/fea_daniel.html.
External links
Daniel Field at City of Augusta web site
Daniel Field at Georgia DOT Aviation web site
Augusta Aviation, the fixed base operator (FBO)
FAA Terminal Procedures for DNL, effective 11 Feb 2010
Resources for this airport:
AirNav airport information for KDNL
ASN accident history for DNL
FlightAware airport information and live flight tracker
NOAA/NWS latest weather observations
SkyVector aeronautical chart for KDNL
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Categories: 1924 establishments | Airports in Georgia (U.S. state) | Transportation in Augusta, Georgia | Defunct World War II USAAF Fields | Airfields of the United States Army Air CorpsHidden categories: Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Air Force Historical Research Agency About the Author
An area in Niagara Falls, New York was turned into a chemical and municipal disposal site by Hooker Chemical in 1920. Thirty-three years later the disposal site was full. The company used relatively modern means to cover it. They sealed the dump with a thick coating of water-resistant red clay, hoping that it would prevent any chemicals from leaking from their landfill.
Shortly thereafter a nearby city wanted to buy the dumpsite in order to expand. Hooker cautioned against it but eventually sold the site for one dollar. The company said it couldn't sell it for more because they didn't want to make a profit form a project that they thought was so unwise.
When the city began digging to develop a sewage system they damaged the red clay that sealed the dumpsite. Nonetheless, a school and several blocks of housing were built. They called the neighborhood Love Canal.
Except for the smell, everything about Love Canal seemed pretty normal. But the smell was terrible. Strange odors usually permeated the air. These odors probably emanated from the unusual seepage that a lot of the homeowners found in their yards and basements.
Then children in the area started to get ill and the families that lived there experienced birth defects and miscarriages.
An activist, Lois Gibbs, began to document the high occurrence of birth defects and illnesses in the area. In 1978, the existence of the chemical waste dump was revealed by the newspapers. Gibbs soon began to petition that the school should be closed.
After a neighborhood child became a victim of chemical poisoning the school was ordered closed by the NYS Health Department in August of that year.
Subsequent research established that in excess of 130 pounds of TCDD - a highly toxic carcinogen, which is a type of dioxin - was found.
The 20,000 tons of waste in the landfill consisted mostly of refuse from chemical weapons research and residues from pesticides. The waste contained almost 250 different kinds of chemicals.
These chemicals had already found their way into the yards, homes, creeks and sewers of Love Canal. Gibbs decided that the time had come to move the more than 900 families who lived in the area away from Love Canal.
Ultimately President Carder provided the money to move the families. The parent company of Hooker Chemical was sued. They settled for $20 million.
Then, about twenty years later, some of the Love Canal houses started to show up in the housing market. Most of the homes are now for sale. But even though the neighborhood was renamed, the homes have such a bad reputation that the banks are refusing to offer mortgages on them.
What may be even sadder is the fact that not one of the chemicals has been removed from the dump. Instead, the site has been resealed. An additional $230 million was paid by Hooker's mother company to finance the "cleanup" and they are now responsible for managing the dumpsite.
The area around the site has since been declared safe.
Where is a good online source to learn about the real estate market in Amsterdam Netherlands. Looking to buy.?
Looking to buy in Amsterdam center, canal house flat and want to learn the ins and outs of the market.
A good site is www.makelaar.com. Its content is also available in English. It´s the site of an estate agent, who is specialised in properties in and around Amsterdam. The site also gives information about mortgages, property valuation etc.
Another website, that might be useful, is http://www.eigenhuis.nl/. Unfortunately, this site is only available in Dutch. This is the site of an organisation, that looks after the interests of property owners in the Netherlands. Maybe you could contact them for more information. The details are:
Vereniging Eigen Huis
Displayweg 1
3821 BT Amersfoort
The Netherlands
Tel. 0031-33-450 77 50
Another useful website, that is available in English, is www.nvm.nl. NVM is the Dutch organisation for real estate agents. It contains some interesting information about real estate in the Netherlands and everything related to that.
I hope this was helpful. Good luck!
Key Colony Beach, Canal front lovely home in a very nice and quiet neighborhood 305-395-0814
Busy business executives often have to travel in order to conduct business, and one of the best ways to do that is to use an executive jet. Perhaps yours is a global company with clients located worldwide, and commercial flights leave you far from where you need to be for business meetings. This is when a private jet charter will meet your needs much more satisfactorily than a commercial flight will.
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What type of Aircraft do you think is safe, Commercial Jets, Commuter Jets , or Turbo-Prop Aircraft?
What type of Aircraft do you think is safe
They're all very safe. Safer than a car, if you have a competent pilot at the controls
Everywhere you look these days people are selling plants and flowers. Your local grocery store, the home repair store, mega retail nurseries, and anyone else with half a reason is selling plants and flowers. With so many places to choose from how can you make sure you get quality for your money?
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This is what you get at your local grocery. They buy the lowest quality flowers in bulk, price them at their normal mark up and pass the savings and poor quality on to you. If the florist were to buy these bad quality flowers and send them out in their deliveries people would stop buying from them. Could you imagine getting flowers for congratulations on your baby and before you even got home the flowers were dead?
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